Techideas.info
ISPF
TIP # 001
ISPF
Lets start
with a generic and simpler one.
Consider that you are editing a file/program and you want to know
the changes you have done
since the last
SAVE command.
How to find that?
Answer:
Give COMPARE SESSION on the command line
Further use of COMPARE commands…
- Can be used like 3.13 option
TIP # 002
ISPF
Usually the PDS or PS bears the ID of the creator or the ID of the
person who modified it
recently.But is it possible to change these ID values without leaving trace of
one’s own ID?
Answer:
Yes its possible! In
the command area against the member name or PS name, by giving ‘G’.
Dialog box will pop up allowing you to change the ID values.
TIP # 003
ISPF
Suppose you are in a ISPF Screen and want to know in which TSO
Region ( Development,
Production, or other TSO regions) you are now .
Answer:
Issue on the command line : SAREA
ISPF STATISTICS Pop-up window will show you the region(
and other info too)
Techideas.info
TIP # 004
ISPF
Any command entered in the COMMAND LINE disappears after the successful
execution of its
intended
function.
If you want to repeat the same command ,
you got to re-type it or use some PF key to retrieve the
last command
entered.
But here is a cool method the make the command entered not to
disappear and stay on the screen.
Precede commands with ‘& ‘
For Example:
COMMAND ===> &C ‘110-PARA’ ‘220-PARA’
SCROLL ===> CSR
****** ************************ TOP OF DATA **************
000001 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
000002 PROGRAM-ID. COBOLSAMY.
000003 DATE-WRITTEN. APRIL
2004.
After the execution of the command, the below command
stays on the screen.
This way you can entering the same
command or modifying the command a little and using it
multiple times.
TIP # 005
ISPF
While trying to open any member in a PDS, we sometimes come across
“member in use” message. In
that situation, if you want to know who is using the member
currently, press F1 twice.
TIP # 006
ISPF
We usual search for members in a PDS by the first
string of the members.
Consider this situation .
I have a PDS and I want to search it for member only by middle
string of the members.
e.g. there
are some members like BESTJCL1,RESTJCL2,PESTCBL1, BESTCBL2,
WESTCBL3,TESTASM1,BESTASM2…etc
I want to find members which have CBL in them.
How can I search and find these members?
Techideas.info
Answer:
Use ISPF 4.12 option.
Specify the dataset to be searched and the pattern of the string.
Specify the LANG type as COB
And select the browse option.
TIP # 007
ISPF
How can I find the last 10 datasets that I have accessed
?
Answer:
1.GO TO ISPF 3.4 option.
2. On the top, there is a MENUBAR. Select REFLIST
3. Select Option 1 in it.
Using this option you can find out the last 30 datasets that you
have accessed….
TIP # 008
ISPF
Alternate to SuperCE Option(3.13)
is to use the macro COMPARE .
Use this when you there is less difference between the two files.
1.Open a DSN in
EDIT or VIEW Mode
2. On the Command line , issue COMP ‘YOUR.SECOND.COMPARISON.DSN’
3. If you want only the changes to be listed, issue COMP
‘YOUR.SECOND.COMPARISON.DSN’ EXC
Techideas.info
TIP # 009
ISPF
While Browsing Internet, we have some cool option called address autocomplete…we enter
some letters
in the address bar and the browser auto completes it with the closest guess.
Does MAINFRAME has the same feature??
Answer:
Yes! It has “Autocomplete” feature!!!
How to use it?
1.go to ISPF
3.4 ,
2. enter KEYS in the command line,KEYS window will popup
3. set any key to AUTOTYPE, save and exit
2. now type any Dataset partially and
press the assigned PFkey!!
Note: It will not retrieve GDGs and
VSAM files.
TIP # 010
ISPF
I want to find a member but I don’t know the PDS to which it
belongs. I only know the high
level qualifier
of the PDS.
Answer:
For example, lets consider high level Qualifier as MYID.MYAPPLN.*
and member as MYMEM
1. Go to 3.4 and list all PDS with MYID.MYAPPLN.*
2. Now issue, MEMBER MYMEM on the command line
TIP # 011
ISPF
I want to know what are the last 25 COMMAND LINE
commands that I have issued from ISPF
panel.
Answer:
To get that, I have to issue, RETP
on the Command line.
Techideas.info
TIP # 012
ISPF
I want to edit a member, which has CBL as middle string in the PDS
MY.PDS.MEMBERS.
One shortcut way is to in the ISPF 3.4 listing of the PDS,
issue S *CBL* E in the command line. If we don’t
use E at the end, it will open in browse mode.
TIP # 013
ISPF
Here is another tip on ISPF 3.4 Option
Usually to find the last edited member, we issue SORT CHA or SORT CHANGED on
the command line.
One can save few keystrokes by placing the cursor on any of the column
header in the ISPF 3.4, and press
ENTER.
In our case, if we place the cursor on the CHANGED header, we will
get the
members sorted on that column.
TIP # 014
ISPF
Here is a tip by which you can avoid ISPF 3.4 Option!!!
To Open a PS or PDS member, we usually use ISPF 3.4 to open in EDIT or BROWSE
MODE.
Here is one way where one can open PS or PDS member in
EDIT/VIEW/BROWSE
mode from any command line.
Thus, we can avoid using 3.4 option.
Issue : EPDF ‘MYID.MYPS’ . The Dataset will be opened in EDIT MODE
If you want to open in VIEW mode:
Issue : EPDF ‘MYID.MYPS’ VIEW
Similarly, for opening in BROWSE mode, type BROWSE at the end.
Techideas.info
TIP # 015
ISPF
Here is a situation. I have received a maintenance change
request on one of the
program.
While I am making changes to the program, one of my friend pops
in and I leave with him for a
cup of coffee without SAVING the
changes I made.
After few minutes , when I am back, I am
not sure what changes I
made previously on the program?
How can I find the changes I have made (without getting out of
this screen)?
Well, here is one simple command line command to achieve this…
Issue : COMP * X
TIP # 016
ISPF
When I issue CUT , I know that the CUT
content are placed in a
clipboard. And when I issue
PASTE, the clipboard content are
pasted.
But is it possible for me to view/edit the clipboard
?
One can view the clipboard after any valid CUT command was issued.
To view the clipboard, issue : CUT DISPLAY.
Clipboard manager will pop up and gives us options to edit or
browse the
content.
TIP # 017
ISPF
Here is another tip on ISPF CUT. I have a dataset with 10,000
lines.I want to cut the first 10 lines and last 10 lines and
paste into another dataset.When I cut the first 10 lines and
then again the last 10 lines ,only
the last 10 lines are pasted
into the new dataset.
Is there anyway out (other than doing a 2 cut & paste)?
Techideas.info
The answer for the above question is to:
1.first cut 10 lines, then issue CUT
APPEND
2.then cut last 10 lines, then issue CUT
APPEND
3.When you PASTE it, you got both.
TIP # 017
ISPF
Tired of typing the often-used datasets repeated?!!!
We have seen AUTOTYPE previously. Here is another one that saves
lots of key-strokes.
Use NRETRIEV.
How to use it?
1 enter KEYS in the command line,KEYS
window will popup
2 set any key to NRETRIEV and exit
3 now when you are in 3.4 or whichever screen you have set the
KEYS option, press the
assigned PF keys.
4. Pressing them repeated will bring up one-by-one the last 30
accessed datasets from the reflist.
TIP # 018
ISPF
Here is one simple one…….
I want to search a string like ‘abc‘ (including quote).
In my pgm there may be more abc strings.But i don’t want to retrieve all of them.
i need the abc enclosed with quotes.
How to search is in 3.14 option?.
In the ISPF 3.14 , search with ‘’’abc’’’ string.(i.e. with 3 quotes at both sides of the
string)
TIP # 019
ISPF
I have to compare one input file field with one output file field.
The input file field in is column
1 to 10 and the output file field is in column 40 to 50.
How can I do it?
Techideas.info
1. Use the standard 3.13 ISPF option. In the same screen itself,
in the command line issue, E
2. then type,
CMPCOLN 40:50
CMPCOLO 1:10
3. press PF3 and exit
4. In the New dataset , type in the output
dataset
5. In the Old dataset , type in the input
dataset
TIP # 020
ISPF
Is an easy way to search member in Multiple PDS?
Go to 3.4 (where all the datasets will be displayed) .
In the Command line give
Command line==>M memname
This command will not work for the migrated PDS. So ensure all the
PDS are in
Disk.
Now the message “MEMBER(S): memname
found” will apppear in the right side of
the panel.
TIP # 021
ISPF
I have data which is of length 160. For some reasons, I want to
wrap the data in each record to 80
characters and have
the next 80 characters in the next line. So basically what I am looking for is ,
“Is there command similar to Wordwrap (as in Notepad or MS WORD) in mainframe?”
Yes, with ISPF, one can wrap the data as required.
To do that,
1.Open the
dataset in ISPF EDIT mode.
2.In the
first line, issue the line command: TF80 (as in this case I want to wrap to 80 chars per
line)
3.All the
subsequent lines will wrap to 80 chars per line.
Techideas.info
TIP # 022
ISPF
Here is another tip on ISPF 3.4 option
From the ISPF 3.4 option listing, I can directly Edit/Browse/view
the member without listing all
the members
and then select the particular member.
To do that,
In the Line command issue, E / (member)
use for Browse (B) and view
(V)
Command – Enter “/” to select action Message Volume
——————————————————————————-
E /(MEMBER1)MYID.WORK.SRC NV1E56
***************************** End of Data Set list
****************************
JCL
TIP # 023
JCL
Hero’s Method:
If you prefer a dataset to be not deleted accidentally, then
———————————————————————————————————————
USING IDCAMS USING JCL COMMENTS
———————————————————————————————————————
TO(04365)
LABEL=RETPD=04365 Will protect till end of 2004
FOR(30) LABEL=RETPD=10
Will protect for 30 days
———————————————————————————————————————
Villain’s Method:
If by chance of fate, you want to delete a dataset that is
protected by the above method…
Use IDCAMS DELETE command with PURGE option.
e.g.,
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=EXEC
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD *
DELETE TOP.SECRET.DATA -
PURGE
/*
Techideas.info
TIP # 024
JCL
Is it possible to execute a program from any library using the referback?
The Answer is Yes!
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14
//PROGRAM DD DSN=SYSTEM.PGM.LOADLIB(COBOLPGM),DISP=SHR
//STEP2 EXEC PGM=*.STEP1.PROGRAM
TIP # 025
JCL
How does the system differentiates between JCL comment statements
(i.e., //* statements) and
JES3 Statements (which also start with //* )
?
If the 4th column contains JES3
keyword, the line is considered to be
JES3 statement, else it is
considered as
normal JCL statement.
TIP # 026
JCL
We know JES2 and JES3 , but is there any
JES1?
OS/VS1 (the forefather of MVS) supported only one job entry
subsystem namely JES1
TIP # 027
JCL
Consider this situation.
I have a JCL with 10 steps.
For reasons known only to me, I want to execute step 5 only.
How can I do it?
Techideas.info
One way to do it is to use RESTART from STEP05, but it will try to
execute the
subsequent steps too.
We have to insert null statement after step05 to prevent the
execution of
subsequent steps.
But one decent way is there in which we don’t need to touch the
job steps
code, but alter only the Jobcard.
And that is….
In the JOBCARD, code COND parameter. Then, when the Job is executed , only
the Step mentioned in the RESTART parameter will get executed.
e.g., RESTART=STEP05,COND=(0,LE)
TIP # 028
JCL
We know that JOBLIB statement must be placed after the JOB
statement and before the first
EXEC statement in the job.
But, the STEPLIB statement can be placed anywhere in the
particular step’s JCL (not necessarily
the first DD
statement in the STEP).
TIP # 029
JCL
Here is a quick question. Can Catalog Procedure have PEND
statement?
Yes! Now it can have PEND Statement.
Do check it out….
TIP # 030
JCL
How much data can TAPE store??
A typical tape reel might contain 170 MB whereas tape
cartridges can contain as much as
10GB.
(Source: System 390 JCL by Gary
DeWard Brown)
Techideas.info
TIP # 031
JCL
Do you know why null statement was introduced in JCL?
Back when punched cards were used, a null coded on distinctive colored cards was used to help
operators separate
card decks. ( Hence , it helped to identify the
end-of-job card, and the start of
next job for
the operators)
(Source: System 390 JCL by Gary
DeWard Brown)
TIP # 032
JCL
Do you know why JCL has ‘//’ in col
1& 2 in each Statement??
The Slashes date back from when PUNCHED
CARDS were used to submit JCL code for
execution. If the
cards were mistakenly put back to front in the reader, the slashes wouldn’t be
read first
and so the card deck could be rejected. So ‘//’ ensures that the punched cards
are placed
properly!!
(Source: System 390 JCL by Gary
DeWard Brown)
TIP # 033
JCL
How can I specify dummy VSAM dataset in a JCL?
Code AMP=’AMORG’ . This parameter tells
the OS to treat the file as VSAM file.
//NOVSAMIO DD DUMMY,AMP=’AMORG’
TIP # 034
JCL
I can specify the max limit of TIME parameter as
TIME=NOLIMIT or
TIME=MAXIMUM.
Techideas.info
Now which specification gives maximum time for a JOB?
TIME=MAXIMUM will allow the job to run for 357912 minutes (248.55
days)
TIME=NOLIMIT will allow the job for unlimited amount of time
Another advantage of NOLIMIT option is that it can remain in wait
status for more than the installation
time limit.
TIP # 035
JCL
I want to delete a member in a PDS, but someone is using it. How
can I delete it?
One can use the following JCL
//DELMEMB EXEC PGM=IDCAMS
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//PDS DD DSN=libraryname,DISP=SHR
//SYSIN DD *
ALLOC DDN(INFILE) SHR REUSE DSN(‘libraryname ‘)
DELETE libraryname(membername) FILE(PDS)
TIP # 036
JCL
&SYSUID is a “system
symbol” for which the system substitutes your TSO ID.
It is the only system symbol that can be used in a batch job, and
can be useful when more than one
individual submits the
same JCL.
Techideas.info
TIP # 037
JCL
I am overriding 2 DD statements in a PROC from my JCL. The first
DD statement is in step 10 and
second DD
statement is in step 40.
Usually , I specify
as
//PS010.INPUT DD DSN=MYID.DATASET
//PS040.SYSIN DD DSN= MYID.NEW.DATASET
What will happen if I specify step 40 first and step 10 next?
zOS JCL will process it! It will override irrespective of the order
it is specified. Formerly out-of-order DD
overrides were
ignored.
Techideas.info
COBOL
TIP # 038
COBOL
If you are accessing ESDS VSAM file, then in COBOL do you know
that SELECT
clause has something different about it!!
For ESDS,
SELECT FILE ASSIGN TO AS-DDNAME
Yes, the DDNAMEs should be prefixed with
AS- .
If you are not doing that then an S213 ABEND might occur when
attempting to open
data set.
TIP # 039
COBOL
When writing a COBOL program that is to be used as a CICS
application program,do not
use the
compiler option
DYNAM.
TIP # 040
COBOL
MERGE statement can have OUTPUT PROCEDURE but not INPUT PROCEDURE !!
TIP # 041
COBOL
Do you know how COBOL Compiler finds a dataset as VSAM dataset?
When the ORGANIZATION clause is coded for a file, the COBOL compiler interprets it as a
VSAM dataset.
Hence, the ORGANIZATION clause should not be coded with a non-VSAM
dataset.
Techideas.info
TIP # 042
COBOL
Do you know using an odd number of digits for PACKED DECIMAL (COMP-3) is 5% to 20%
faster than
using an even number of digits !!
TIP # 043
COBOL
Performance considerations for indexes
vs subscripts:
using COMP to
address a table is 30% slower than using indexes!
using COMP-3
to address a table is 300% slower than using indexes !!
using DISPLAY
data items to address a table is 450% slower than using indexes !!!
(source: Cobol performance tuning manual)
TIP # 044
COBOL
Rule of the THUMB:
For a table with less than 50 entries ==> go for SEARCH ( Sequential Search)
greater than 50 entries ==> go for SEARCH ALL
( Binary Search)
TIP # 045
COBOL
In CO BO L, why we READ FILE but W RITE RECO RD?
You READ a FI LE becaus e you don’t know
in advance:
1.whether ther e actually is a RECORD to read or
not
2. For var iable
or undefined length files , how long the nex t RECORD will be,
if ther e is one.
You Wr ite a
RECORD becaus e you know in advance the answer s to
both of
the above ques tions
.
Techideas.info
TIP # 046
COBOL
Using OPEN OUTPUT to load a VSAM file will significantly improve the performance of
your
program. Using OPEN I-O or OPEN
EXTEND will have a negative impact on your program’s
performance.
TIP # 047
COBOL
Avoid repetitive uses of the INITIALIZE
statement.
INITIALIZE once and move it to a second like
sized 01 level, then move the second 01 level to
the first to
initialize the fields.
TIP # 048
COBOL
Consider using an in-line PERFORM instead of a SEARCH when you
have less than 20
elements in a
table.
TIP # 049
COBOL
One can generate a complete listing of compiler diagnostic
messages, with their explanations, by
compiling a
program with the program-id of ERRMSG specified in the PROGRAM-ID
paragraph.
EX:
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION
PROGRAM-ID.ERRMSG.
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
DATA DIVISION.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
STOP RUN.
Techideas.info
TIP # 050
COBOL
For KSDS or RRDS , when DELETE statement
is used, the file must be
opened in I-O Mode.
TIP # 051
COBOL
Performance Tuning
Taking constant expressions out of a loop speeds up a program with
no ill effects.
Example
Move zero to total.
Perform varying I from 1 by 1 until I > 100
Compute total = total + item (i) *
discount
End-perform
Remove multiply from loop
Move zero to total
Perform varying I from 1 by 1 until I > 100
Compute total = total + item (i)
End-perform
Compute total = total * discount
TIP # 052
COBOL
Sometimes my initialization doesn’t work when I use INTIALIZE verb?
Is there anything that I should take
care of?
When we use INITIALIZE verb to initialize group verbs, group elements which are FILLERs will
not be
initialized!
Techideas.info
TIP # 053
COBOL
I am using internal sort in my COBOL Program. Is there anyway to
test the return code of sort
operation?
The return-code or completion code is stored in a SORT-RETURN
special register.
If SORT-RETURN = 0 (successful completion of SORT/MERGE)
If SORT-RETURN = 16 (Unsuccessful completion of SORT/MERGE)
TIP # 054
COBOL
In general, it is advantage to use COMP for numeric data and
COMP-3 for decimal data.
TIP # 055
COBOL
Here is one better way of INITIALIZATION of a record or group item.
INTIALIZE WS-RECORD
REPLACING ALPHANUMERIC DATA BY SPACES
NUMERIC DATA BY ZEROES.
TIP # 056
COBOL
SEARCH ALL condition only test an equal
condition.
Techideas.info
TIP # 057
COBOL
In COBOL SELECT clause, I see sometimes see ASSIGN coded like this…
SELECT INFILE ASSIGN TO UT-S-INFILE
OR
SELECT INFILE ASSIGN TO DA-S-INFILE
What they mean actually…
First part in DDNAME: – Device
Class
UT stands for Utility (Tape or Sequential Disk)
DA stands for Direct-Access (disk)
Second part in DDNAME: – Method
of Organization
S – Sequential (Printer, terminal, disk or tape)
I, R, D – Disk files to be accessed randomly
TIP # 058
COBOL
When using INPUT /OUTPUT PROCEDURE with SORT
We RELEASE record-name (for INPUT PROCEDURE)
and
We RETURN file-name (for OUTPUT
PROCEDURE)
Techideas.info
VSAM
TIP # 059
VSAM
Performance Tuning
One can speed up applications greatly by using memory to cut I/O when dealing with VSAM
datasets.
For this VSAM Buffers can be enlarged.
In the DD statement code AMP parameters = BUFNI(index),
BUFND(data), BUFSP ( amount of
virtual storage)
Increase number of Data buffers (BUFND)
for sequential access
Increase number of Index buffers (BUFNI)
for random access
TIP # 060
VSAM
IDCAMS Utility can’t be executed without 2 DD Statements
.
They are SYSPRINT and SYSIN.
TIP # 061
VSAM
We know that FREESPACE(100,100)
specification causes one record to be written for each
Control interval, and one Control Interval would be written for
each control area. But do you
know why?
VSAM will always load the first record before taking FREESPACE option into
consideration!!!
TIP # 062
VSAM
DEFINE PATH command creates an alias for the VSAM base
cluster
DEFINE ALIAS command creates an alias for non-VSAM datasets
Techideas.info
TIP # 063
VSAM
CICS, DB2, IMS can process records in existing VSAM datasets but can’t create the dataset.
Even you can process VSAM data sets in COBOL programs only
after you create them with access
method services.
TIP # 064
VSAM
How can I specify dummy VSAM dataset in a JCL?
Code AMP=’AMORG’ . This parameter tells
the OS to treat the file as VSAM file.
//NOVSAMIO DD DUMMY,AMP=’AMORG’
TIP # 065
VSAM
I want to process a KSDS thru an alternate key. Now what are the 5 IDCAMS commands that must be
executed before the
records in a KSDS can be processed thru an alternate key?
1. DEFINE CLUSTER
2. REPRO (the base cluster must be
non-empty KSDS)
3. DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEX
4. DEFINE PATH
5. BLDINDEX
The first 3 IDCAMS commands should be executed in the
above-mentioned order.
The last 2 IDCAMS can be done in any order.
Techideas.info
TIP # 066
VSAM
I want to make my VSAM dataset read-only. How can I do it?
By using INHIBIT along with ALTER command
e.g.,
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IDCAMS
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD *
ALTER -
SECRET.KSDS.DATA -
INHIBIT
ALTER -
SECRET.KSDS.INDEX -
INHIBIT
/*
//
Notice that the ALTER command is used with DATA and INDEX and
not with the cluster.
TIP # 067
VSAM
VSAM equivalent of temp dataset is to create VSAM file with REUSE
option. A dataset created with
REUSE can be treated as a new dataset at any subsequent time.
Techideas.info
TIP # 068
VSAM
How should be VSAM file defined in order that it can be accessed
both in CICS and in BATCH
environment?
Define as SHAREOPTION (2,3)
TIP # 069
VSAM
While designing VSAM files, what’s the best way to choose Control
Interval (CI) size for the data and the
index?
Well, it depends on whether the data will be accessed directly or
sequentially.
For Direct access use small CI
For Sequential access use Lager CI
Techideas.info
FILEAID
TIP # 070
FILEAID
The Easiest and Coolest way to
locate bad data is thru File-Aid’sF IND command.
1.OPEN the file
in FILE-AID (in either browse or edit mode)
2.XREF with
COPYBOOK.
3.Use FMT mode
4.Then issue ,
F /field-name INVALID
or
F /field-number INVALID
The control will take you to the first invalid data record for the
given field.
e.g.,
The FILE has 3 fields namely NAME,AGE,COUNTRY.
If you want to find the invalid data in the age field, then issue
F /2 INVALID
TIP # 071
FILEAID
We always face a s ituation
such that when we have opened a File in FI LEAI
D Brows e mode but later wished it was EDI T Mode and vice ver sa.
S o in
this s ituation, what we do is come out of
the brows e mode and again open in
edit mode and vice ver sa.
But ther e is a cool command available in FI LE-AI D
to help us in this type of s ituation.
I f u r in Brows e Mode and want to change it into EDI T Mode , in the Line
Command is sue
COMMAND = = > GO EDI T
I f u r in EDI T Mode and want to change it into BROWS E Mode , in the Line
Command is sue
COMMAND = = > GO BROWS E
Techideas.info
TIP # 072
FILEAID
How to determine compile date of loadlib member ??
Use FILE-AID !!
1. Go to FILE-AID 3.1 option
2. In the Library Utility type in the loadlib
dataset name
3. Type ‘a’ next to the member nam e
4. TDATE is compile date
TIP # 073
FILEAID
Whats the best way to count the number of records in a VSAM
File?
1.Choose FILE-AID
Option 3.8
2. At the prompt of ….ENTER NEXT FUNCTION OR END
, enter TALLY
3. U will get the record count
4. Type END to exit.
TIP # 074
FILEAID
While working in MS Excel we have the option of “freeze Panes”. By this
options we can freeze
some columns
and have other columns scrolling. This feature is helpful in analysis when
there
are lots of
columns(fields) in a file.
In mainframe too, we have similar such facility thru File-Aid.
1.Open the file
in File-Aid
2. use VFMT format
3. If you want to freeze columns(fields)
1,2,3, and 6 and have the rest as scrollable
issue command HOLD 1-3,6
Techideas.info
TIP # 075
FILEAID
Can I issue FIND command to find values that are less than or
greater than ‘certain value’ at
column 25??
We can’t accomplish this task thru ISPF ,
but File -Aid provides us the facility to issue FIND
command with
relational operators like EQ,NE,LT,GT,LE and GE.
e.g.,
FIND LT ‘2004’ 25 ALL
So if one wants to use relational operator along with FIND
command, open the same dataset in
FILE-AID.
TIP # 076
FILEAID
Consider this situation. I am doing a
verification on an output file. The output file has 200 fields.
I need to verify only 25th and 175th fields
only.
I am using FILE-AID’s VFMT mode and for
each record I am scrolling between 25 th and 175th
field. Is there
any efficient way to handle this situation?
Some people might use HOLD to freeze 25th and 175th field , but still other fields are displayed ,
which is an
annoyance.
Here is one better way:
In the VFMT mode, issue DISPLAY 25
175 ONLY
Only 25th and
175th fields will be
displayed.
TIP # 077
FILEAID
ABEND SOLVING
At midnight I receive production call.
One job abended due to
classic S0C7. Thru analysis I located the particular field which is a
COMP-3 and junk data is sitting in that
field for some records.These bad records are not
contiguous but occuring randomly in the input file.
Now to save my head I have to delete all the records with bad data in that particular field and reexecute
the job
quickly. Assume that input file has some 10 million records. How can I eliminate
the bad
records in an efficient and a fast method?
Techideas.info
Here is the approach:
Using the following FILE-AID option in batch mode
$$DD01 DROP IF=(field-position,
field-length, NEP)
NEP means Not Equal to PACK
One can generalize and customize the below JCL to deal with
similar type of ABENDS.
For Example,
My input layout is:
01 TEST-RECORD.
05 NAME-FIELD PIC X(5).
05 AMOUNT-FIELD PIC 9(3) COMP-3.
My JCL to eliminate the bad records:
//STEP01 EXEC PGM=FILEAID
//*
//SYSUDUMP DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSLIST DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSTOTAL DD SYSOUT=*
//DD01 DD DSN=MYID.CHECK.OUT,DISP=SHR
//DD01O DD DSN=MYID.CHECK.OUT,
// DISP=(NEW,CATLG,CATLG),
// DCB=(MYID.CHECK.OUT)
//SYSIN DD *
$$DD01 DROP IF=(6,2,NEP)
/*
This will drop the bad data records and retain only the good one.
TIP # 078
FILEAID
I want to do Fuzzy Comparison of files!!
My requirement is to compare 2 files of which for one certain
field I can have + or – 1 value which should
be acceptable
while comparing.
Thru FILE-AID COMPARE (OPTION 10), one can set percentage amount
for numeric
fields that
determines “close enough” matches. When the “Formatted
Criteria” table
appears after the 2
files are specified, use the “T” line command. This brings up a
Techideas.info
“Tolerance Value/Percentage Specification” panel where
you can set a plus or minus
value for a
numeric field.
SORT
TIP # 079
SORT
Do you know COBOL Internal SORT and MERGE is actually done by DFSORT
?!!
If you SORT or MERGE with COBOL, the
compiler automatically generates a SORT or
MERGE control statement for you with the correct DFSORT
descriptions for the COBOL fields
you specify.
TIP # 080
SORT
How can I replace all the low-values in a file to spaces??
Use ALTSEQ CODE .
Here’s an example of how you could change all low values (X’00′)
to spaces (X’40′), in an FB
data set with
an LRECL of 80:
ALTSEQ CODE=(0040)
OUTREC FIELDS=(1,80,TRAN=ALTSEQ)
(Source: IBM SORT website)
Techideas.info
TIP # 081
SORT
SYNCSORT
My Production job is such that, on one of the steps it has to
copy a VSAM dataset to flat file,
and then process that flat
file in the subsequent steps.
Sometimes the input VSAM may be
empty. When its empty, my job abends. How can
I prevent the job
from abending
when the VSAM is empty ?
Pass the parameter, VSAMEMT=YES for the SORT utility.
i.e,
//STEP3 EXEC PGM=SORT,PARM=’VSAMEMT=YES’
//*
//SYSOUT DD SYSOUT=*
//SORTIN DD DSN=VSAM.DSN
// DISP=SHR
//SORTOUT DD DSN=FLATFILE.DSN
// DISP=SHR
//SYSIN DD *
SORT FIELDS=COPY
/*
SDSF
TIP # 082
SDSF
If you want to rearrange the columns in SDSF -
1.Go TO SDSF.
2.In command
line type “arr
?”.
3.This will
bring the complete list of SDSF column names.
4.You can move
the columns using “/” and “//”.
One Column in the SDSF that we can bring to the front position is
the MAX-RC (which
usual is
the last
column in SDSF ) which shows the completion code or the abend
code of the job.
Techideas.info
TIP # 083
SDSF
How to allow another user to browse my job?
Usually if we want other user to see our job, we supply them with jobname and jobid.
They use, OWNER urid and PRE urid* to browse your job.
One simple way to allow another user to browse is to change the
DEST column in either the H /I
or ST panel
of the particular job to the another user id(who wants to view it).
The Other user need not issue commands or change panels to view
your job. It will be available
in his
Hold/Output panel itself.
TIP # 084
SDSF
I have some 50 jobs in my SPOOL. I want to list only the jobs that
are ABENDED.
For such a kind of listing, use the primary command FILTER on the command line as given in
the examples
below
FIL MAX AB* – shows jobs that has ABENDS
Other Examples are:
FIL MAX ‘JCL ERROR’ – shows jobs that has JCL errors
FIL MAX NE ‘RC 0000’ – shows jobs with “exceptional conditions”
FIL MAX EQ ‘RC 0000’ – shows successfully completed jobs
If you want to switch off the filter, then issue FIL OFF
TIP # 085
SDSF
For selecting jobs in the SDSF queue , I
either use “?” or “S”.
When I use “?” , I get the
break-up output groups for example like
JESMSGLG,JESJCL,JESYSMSG,SYSPRINT,SYSUT2
etc.
When I use “S” , the entire job
is selected without this break-up.
Is there any command to navigate to view each output group when I
use “S” to select the job?
After opening the job using “S”, use “N”
(next) or “P”(Previous) to navigate between different
output groups.
Techideas.info
CICS
TIP # 086
CICS
Use CALLs instead of LINKs
in CICS
EXEC CICS LINK
- establishes a new run unit
- sets up environment
- Does CICS table-search
- For all this activities, it executes 1400 machine code
instructions
CALL
- It executes around 12 machine code instructions
Just replacing EXEC CICS LINK with CALL statement on a case study, it was found
that
Internal Transaction Response time improved 23 – 78 %
Total CPU Time improved 15 – 23 %
Dynamic storage use improved 11 – 30 %
* CALL used in the study is STATIC CALL . COBOL refered here is VS
COBOL II
TIP # 087
CICS
You can use a COBOL CALL statement to call only
a VS COBOL II or an Assembler
language
program in the same load module as the calling
program.
For calls to programs written in languages other than VS COBOL II,
including other versions of
COBOL, you need to use the commands EXEC CICS LINK or EXEC CICS
XCTL.
Techideas.info
TIP # 088
CICS
Do you know how CICS was called initially ??
PUCICS!!!
PUCICS stands for Public Utilities Customer Information Control System.
After couple of years, it took the name CICS.
TIP # 089
CICS
What is the difference between getting the system time with EIBTIME
and ASKTIME
command?
ASKTIME = requests the current date and time
EIBTIME = field have the value at the task initiation time
TIP # 090
CICS
To access the system values like date, time, Userid
etc and store in a variable, one can use
EXEC CICS ASSIGN
TIP # 091
CICS
While doing a mass delete using a generic key, how can you
determine the number of records
deleted?
By using the NUMREC(data-area) option with the
generic key. Upon completion of the delete
the
data-area will contain the number of records that are deleted.
Techideas.info
TIP # 092
CICS
When generating Mapset, specify TIOAPX=YES for COBOL programs.
YES generates a 12-
byte FILLER
item at the beginning of each symbolic map. It should always be specified for
COBOL programs.
DB2
TIP # 093
DB2
Use the OS/390 – MVS solution ‘Move current-date to ……’ to obtain
a date or
to do a date calculation instead of DB2’s ‘SET CURRENT TIMESTAMP’.
TIP # 094
DB2
Avoid joins that involve more than two TABLES. Break it up into
multiple SQL statements.
In a case study, a 5-table join used 4190 CPU hours in a month for
a weekly process.
Breaking it up dropped the usage to 9 CPU hours per month!!
TIP # 095
DB2
If using CURSOR SQL for read only, use FOR FETCH ONLY in the SQL.
Techideas.info
TIP # 096
DB2
How To Match Contoken
Across Loadlib & Dbrmlib
Step 1.
Go to SYSIBM.SYSPACKAGE for that program – look at the latest bind
-
you can
look at the
time stamp column to find the latest. There will be a
column
called
CONTOKEN. This will have a value.
Ex -
-+———+———+———+———+———+———+———+—-
COLLID NAME CONTOKEN OWNER CREATOR TIMESTAMP
-+———+———+———+———+———+———+———+—-
CBPR39WO PGMNAME .îÒ#.¹”. DFDBS ABC
2004-04-21-06.42.00.
Step 2 .
Covert the CONTOKEN to zoned decimal format. From the above
example it
is
X’1756ed7b02da7f32′. You can use HEX on to find the ZD forma t.
Step 3.
Go to the DBRMLIB – Search for this String like – F
x’1756ed7b02ad7f32′
. If it is the correct DBRM lib using which it is bound then you
will find a
match.
Also you can get the DBRMLIB used for binding from the above Query
o/p
also if you
scroll towards the end. There is a Column for that also.
Now How to match it to load lib .
Step 4.
Go to your load lib in browse mode. Search for the First 8 bytes
in the
above ZD
format of the CONTOKEN
Like =– F ‘1756ed7b’. If you find a match then it is your matchin g
load !!!
The twist here is – on the SYSIBM.SYSPACKAGE and The DBRMLIB the
contoken is stored in the Same format, But in the Loadlib
the date & time part of
the CONTOKEN
is swapped and stored. This is why you need to search for the
8 bytes separately. Otherwise you need to swap the 16 bytes of the
CONTOKEN and search.
Techideas.info
TIP # 097
DB2
To get only the first n rows
select *
from table
name
fetch first n
rows only
with ur;
TIP # 098
DB2
Performance Tuning
Use JOIN instead of Sub-Queries
SELECT EMPNO, LASTNAME FROM EMP, DEPT
WHERE WORKDEPT =DEPTNO
AND DEPTNAME = ‘PLANNING’
SELECT EMPNO, LASTNAME FROM EMP
WHERE WORKDEPT IN
( SELECT DEPTNO
FROM DEPT
WHERE DEPTNAME = ‘PLANNING’ )
TIP # 099
DB2
How to select the duplicate rows from a table?
SELECT columns
FROM table
GROUP BY columns
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
Techideas.info
TIP # 100
DB2
For SQL declaration of DECIMAL(n,m),
the COBOL equivalent generated is PIC S9(n-m)v9(m) COMP-3
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